Orologi Russi

Poljot Khrunichev Space Center Watch: A Tribute to Russian Space History

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Poljot Russian Watch Space Center Khrunichev

Introduction

In the 1990s, during the political and economic transition from the Soviet Union to the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the renowned watch company Poljot produced a series of commemorative watches. Among them, the Poljot Khrunichev Space Center watch stands out as a tribute to the importance of the Khrunichev Space Center in Russian aerospace history. This article will explore in detail the features of this watch, the caliber that powers it, and the crucial role of the Khrunichev Space Center.

Poljot Russian Watch Space Center Khrunichev
Poljot Space Center Khrunichev

Watch Features

The Poljot Khrunichev Space Center watch is a perfect example of design and function, combining aesthetics and history in a single piece.

  • Dial: The dial is dominated by a stylized representation of the Northern Hemisphere, complete with parallels and meridians, and an artistic representation of interstellar space with stylized stars. At the center of the dial, the MIR space station, active at the time of the watch’s production, is clearly depicted. The “SPACE CENTER KHRUNISHEV” inscription emphasizes the center’s international significance. The raised metal indices and gold-plated hands add a touch of elegance.
  • Case: The round case is made of steel with a dual satin and gold finish, giving the watch a refined appearance. The bi-color dial, white and blue, creates a visually appealing contrast.
  • Back: The back of the watch is simple, with an engraved serial number (118218). Signs of attempted battery replacement by inexperienced hands are visible.

The Caliber

The watch is powered by the Poljot quartz caliber, known for its simplicity and reliability. This movement uses an AG1 button battery and does not contain jewels, a choice reflecting cost-consciousness without compromising functionality. The movement is secured inside the case by a white plastic component, a common solution for watches of this period.

russian poljot watch Khrunichev
Poljot Khrunichev Space Center
russian poljot watch Khrunichev
Poljot Khrunichev Space Center

Khrunichev Space Center: A Beacon of Russian Space Technology

The Khrunichev Space Center, founded in 1916 near Moscow, is one of the most influential institutions in Russian space exploration history. Originally engaged in the production of “Russo-Baltique” automobiles, the company quickly evolved, significantly contributing to the production of military aircraft such as the Ilyushin Il-4 and Tupolev Tu-2 during World War II.

In the 1960s, the center expanded its scope to include the production of missiles and space modules, becoming a key player in the Soviet space era. Notable achievements include modules for the MIR, SALYUT, and the current ISS space stations, as well as the Proton rockets, still in use today.

Further Reading on the History and Productions of the Khrunichev Space Center

For those interested in delving deeper into the history and innovations of the Khrunichev Space Center, here are some useful links:

Collecting Russian Watches: A Valuable Addition

The Poljot Khrunichev Space Center watch is a gem for collectors of space-themed watches. Purchased for about €20, it represents not only a piece of mechanical precision but also a tribute to Russian space history. Despite some signs of use on the back, the watch is in good condition and offers an excellent combination of history and functionality.

Dating the Watch

The presence of the MIR station on the dial helps date the watch between 1992 and 1998. The MIR station, operational from 1986 to 2001, is a key indicator. The absence of references to the Soviet Union suggests a post-1992 production, while the launch of the ISS in 1998 marks the end of the production period for this specific model.

Conclusion

The Poljot Khrunichev Space Center watch is more than just a timepiece; it is a piece of history. For collectors, it represents a unique opportunity to own an item that celebrates the remarkable achievements of the Khrunichev Space Center and Russian space history. This watch is perfect for enriching any collection with a piece of technological and cultural history.

Unlocking the Mystery of the Vostok Cosmopolis

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russian watch Vostok Amphibia Cosmopolis

A New Theory for the Amphibia Vostok Cosmopolis

The Vostok Cosmopolis is one of the most sought-after and mysterious watches from the Soviet Vostok brand. Often linked to the Baikonur Cosmodrome, this watch has captivated collectors and enthusiasts with its unique design and potential connections to space and philosophy. Here, we explore the various theories surrounding this model and present a new hypothesis that could finally explain the significance of the Vostok Cosmopolis.

Characteristics of the Vostok Cosmopolis

The Vostok Cosmopolis is an Amphibia model with a round case, featuring the classic Amphibia hands: the hour hand shaped like an arrow, the linear minute hand, and the red second hand with a luminous dot. The bidirectional rotating bezel has the typical luminescent dot. The dial showcases a large eye, coloured blue and red, set against a green striped rectangle. Above and below the rectangle, the inscriptions “КОСМОПОЛИС” and “COSMOPOLIS” in Cyrillic and Latin, respectively, give the watch its distinctive name.

Current Theories

1. The Baikonur Cosmodrome

The simplest theory links the Vostok Cosmopolis to the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. According to this hypothesis, the eye symbolises a look towards the future and space exploration. However, this theory remains weak as, during the Soviet era, references to space ventures would have been more explicit.

2. Space Cities

Another theory discussed on the Watchuseek forum in 2006 suggests that the watch represents a space city. This idea also ties back to the Baikonur Cosmodrome but lacks substantial evidence.

3. Cosmism

On the Italian forum Orologiko, a user proposed the theory of “Cosmism,” a Russian philosophical movement viewing matter as dynamic and living. According to this view, the eye on the dial represents the concept of a living cosmos, supported by historical figures like Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, the father of Russian astronautics.

4. Hylozoism

Another hypothesis on the Orologiko forum links the cosmic eye to hylozoism, a philosophical doctrine considering matter to have life. The eye could represent God, with the cosmos as its living manifestation.

The New Theory: Cosmopolis Publishing House

A new hypothesis has emerged through recent research. A user on VK, “Boshdan Boshomolov,” suggested that the logo on the dial might belong to the “Cosmopolis” publishing house, active around 1990-1991. This Soviet-American joint venture, based in Moscow, published several books, including “Commercial Banks” by E. Reed and others.

confronto scritte editore cosmopolis vostok amphibia sovietaly mister

Research Details

The “Cosmopolis” publishing house was known for publishing science fiction and other literary works with futuristic and philosophical themes. The publisher’s logo, resembling the eye on the watch’s dial, suggests a visual connection between the watch and the publishing house.

cosmopolis casa editrice
cosmopolis casa editrice

Conclusions

While absolute certainty is elusive, the theory that the Vostok Cosmopolis is a commemorative watch for the Cosmopolis publishing house is the most plausible. The dial design, featuring the eye and the Cyrillic and Latin inscriptions, reflects the Soviet-American nature of the publisher. The presence of the “Made in USSR” inscription and the early 1990s dating further support this hypothesis.

For more details, you can visit the following links:

The Vostok Cosmopolis remains one of the most enigmatic and fascinating watches in the Soviet Vostok production, a piece of history embodying the mystery and innovation of its time.

casa editrice cosmopolis
casa editrice cosmopolis

Vostok Komandirskie: Analysis of the Watch and History of Military Unit 3375

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Vostok Komandirskie 45 anni unità militare 3375 di protezione MPSR, VGO e SG

The Vostok Komandirskie watch in question is a commemorative model celebrating the 45th anniversary of Military Unit 3375, featuring a chrome-plated case and a 2414A caliber. This particular watch caught attention for three main reasons:

Vostok Komandirskie 45 anni unità militare 3375 di protezione MPSR, VGO e SG
Vostok Komandirskie 45 anni unità militare 3375 di protezione MPSR, VGO e SG

The Holographic Blue Dial

Not commonly found in Vostok watches, the holographic blue dial is more prevalent in some models of Russian Raketa watches. This dial, typical of the early ’90s, represents a curious and characteristic element, albeit of dubious aesthetic taste.

The Case Shape

The case shape is also uncommon, unlike the bezel, which is rather common in Vostok models.

The Cyrillic Inscriptions

Initially hard to understand, the Cyrillic inscriptions reveal a fascinating and complex history.

Dial Details

Upper Part of the Dial: The Cyrillic inscription “ПО ОХРАНЕ МПСР ВГО И СГ” translates to: “REGARDING THE PROTECTION OF MPSR, VGO, AND SG”.

  • MPSR (МПСР): “Special work sites”
  • VGO (ВГО): “Important state structures”
  • SG (СГ): “Special goods”

Symbols and Iconography

  • Missile: Symbol of technological and military development.
  • Atom Symbol: Indicative of nuclear energy.
  • Polar Bear: An animal found in the northern hemisphere, suggesting activity in Siberia. This symbol is commonly used on Russian watch dials. For further examples, you can see HERE.

Lower Part of the Dial

The inscription “ВОИСКВАЯ ЧАСТЬ 3375” means: “MILITARY UNIT 3375”. This watch commemorates the 45th anniversary of the military unit, dating it to 1991.

Historical Context

Military Unit 3375 was created in April 1946 as part of the Department for the Protection of Important Industrial Enterprises, tasked with protecting research institutes and laboratories of the Academy of Sciences engaged in nuclear energy development. This post-war period was characterized by intense espionage and secret research for the development of nuclear weapons, necessitating the creation of special units to protect installations and goods.

Additional References

On VK you can find several references to Military Unit 3375, including a community with 180 members still active. These special units were also among the first responders during the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, along with firefighters.

Sources and Useful Links

  • Topwar: Main source of information about the military unit and its history.

This analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the Vostok Komandirskie, highlighting the historical significance of Military Unit 3375 and the context in which it operated, while also offering a detailed description of the watch’s distinctive features.

Luch Minsk Red Church Watch: A Unique Timepiece with Historical Significance

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russian watch Luch Minsk Red Church

Introduction to the Luch Watch

The Luch Minsk Red Church watch is a notable example of Belarusian industrial production. Manufactured by Luch, a well-known watchmaker based in Belarus, this watch features unique design elements and advanced features that set it apart from typical Russian watches. The dial is marked “Беларусь,” indicating its Belarusian origin.

This NOS (New Old Stock) watch comes complete with its original passport and packaging, which includes a cardboard and thermoformed plastic box.

Luch Minsk Red Church Watch

Key Features of the Watch

One of the most striking features of this watch is its intricate dial design. Here are some of the standout characteristics:

  • Complex Die-Cut Dial: The perimeter of the dial follows the contour of the depicted church, making it highly distinctive.
  • 24-Hour Mechanism: The quartz caliber 2370 powers the 24-hour complication, featuring a rotating wheel that displays the Sun and Moon, providing a 24-hour indication.
  • Roman Numerals: The white dial displays Roman numerals, with the number 4 represented traditionally (IV) instead of the medieval style (IIII).
  • Non-Luminous Hands: The hour and minute hands are painted white, while the central seconds hand is chromed.
  • Markings: The dial features several inscriptions in Cyrillic, including “Минск” (Minsk), the Luch brand, “Quartz,” and “Беларусь”.

The 24-Hour Function: Day and Night Indicator

One of the watch’s fascinating features is the 24-hour function, which shows a Sun and Moon indicator that changes over the course of the day. This adds a dynamic visual element to the watch, making it not only a timekeeping device but also a conversation starter.

Minsk Watch Plant: The Luch Factory

The Minsk Watch Plant, also known as Luch, was founded in 1953. During the Soviet era, Luch became one of the USSR’s leading watch manufacturers, producing millions of watches each year. The factory continued to operate after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, adapting to new market conditions and modernizing its production.

Luch produces a wide range of watches, from mechanical to quartz models, continuing to be a reference brand in Belarus and former Soviet bloc countries. The company is known for the reliability and precision of its products, as well as for innovation in design and functionality.

Luch is still active today, continuing to produce high-quality watches for a global market.

For more information about the Minsk Watch Plant, visit the official Luch website:

The Caliber

The watch is driven by the quartz caliber 2370, known for its 24-hour complication used creatively in various Luch models. This caliber is celebrated for its reliability and innovative applications in watchmaking.

For more detailed information on the caliber, you can refer to trusted horological resources like:

The Red Church Depiction

The watch’s dial prominently features the image of the Red Church, officially known as the Church of Saints Simon and Helena. This Roman Catholic church is a significant historical and architectural landmark in Minsk, Belarus. Constructed between 1905 and 1910, the church is located in Independence Square.

Minsk: The Heart of Belarus

Minsk, the capital of Belarus, is a city rich in history and culture, located in the heart of continental Europe. It is known for its wide streets, monumental architecture, and vibrant cultural scene.

Conclusion

The Luch Minsk Red Church watch is a remarkable piece that combines Belarusian industrial production with historical and cultural significance. Its unique design, featuring the Red Church and the Sun/Moon complication, makes it a valuable addition to any collection.

This watch holds a special place in the history of Soviet-era and post-Soviet watchmaking, reflecting both the artistry and technological advancements of its time. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or a history enthusiast, the Luch Minsk Red Church watch is sure to captivate your interest.

For further reading, here are the references used in this article:

Molnija Pocket Watch: Symbol of the Soviet Guard

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russian pocket watch molnija

This article is dedicated to enthusiasts of Soviet and Russian watchmaking, focusing on a particular Molnija pocket watch. We will explore the technical, commemorative, and historical details of the watch, enriching the content with links to reliable sources for comprehensive insight.

Technical Details and History of the Molnija Watch

Recently, at a flea market in the province of Milan, I found a Molnija pocket watch that caught my attention. This watch has several distinctive features both on the case and on the cover.

Watch Case: On the metal case that protects the dial, there is the symbol of the “Soviet Guard.” This symbol includes a red flag with the inscription “Гвардия” (Guard) above a red star surrounded by a laurel wreath. This emblem is a mark of distinction and honor, reserved for the units of the Red Army that distinguished themselves for their courage and efficiency during World War II.

Back Cover: On the back cover of the watch, there is an engraved symbol of the hammer and sickle within a five-pointed star. Around this symbol, the Cyrillic inscription “великая отечественная 1941-1945” (Great Patriotic War 1941-1945) celebrates the Soviet Union’s victory against Nazi forces during World War II.

The watch is equipped with a manually wound Molnija 3602 caliber. This mechanism, known for its reliability and precision, was widely used in Soviet pocket watches of the era.

Historical Insights

Soviet Guard: The Soviet Guard was an elite unit of the Red Army, created during World War II to honor units that had shown extraordinary courage and skill in battle. This watch celebrates such units, highlighting the importance of their contribution to the Soviet victory. For more information, you can visit the Wikipedia page of the Soviet Guard.

Great Patriotic War: The inscription “великая отечественная 1941-1945” on the back cover of the watch refers to the Great Patriotic War, a term used in the Soviet Union to describe the war against Nazi Germany during World War II. This period is characterized by immense suffering and sacrifice, but also by incredible determination and courage that led to the Soviet victory. You can delve deeper into this topic by visiting the page dedicated to the Great Patriotic War.

Links for Further Reading

  1. Soviet Guard on Wikipedia
  2. Great Patriotic War
  3. Molnija 3602 Caliber

The Mystery of the Tank on the Dial of the Vostok Komandirskie Watch

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soviet watch Vostok Komandirskie Tank

The Vostok Komandirskie Tank watch is one of the most iconic and widespread Russian watches. With its robust military design, it has captivated collectors and enthusiasts worldwide. A particularly intriguing detail on the dial is the stylised tank, which has led to much speculation: which specific tank model is depicted?

Features of the Vostok Komandirskie

Produced by the Chistopol Watch Factory, the Vostok Komandirskie is synonymous with quality and durability. It is known for being designed to withstand extreme conditions, and its design reflects Soviet military pride.

soviet watch Vostok Komandirskie Tank
Vostok Komandirskie Tank

Which Tank is Depicted?

T-34/85: This is one of the most famous tanks of World War II. Celebrated for its battlefield effectiveness, the T-34/85 is often considered a symbol of Soviet military might. Its distinctive shape and crucial role in the war make this model a probable candidate for the stylisation on the dial.

T-62: Another suggested model by experts is the T-62. This tank represents a technological evolution compared to its predecessors and has stylistic features that might correspond to the stylisation on the watch.

IS-2: The heavy tank IS-2, known for its powerful cannon and thick armour, played a significant role during World War II. This model has also been considered as a possible inspiration.

Notes on the Film T-34

The 2019 Russian film “T-34” offers an exciting and gripping look at this legendary tank. Set during World War II, the film follows a young Soviet tank commander, played by Alexander Petrov, who is captured by the Germans. Using a T-34, he orchestrates a daring escape. The plot highlights the ingenuity and bravery of Soviet soldiers, paying homage to the T-34 as a symbol of resistance and victory. This cinematic representation has rekindled interest in the tank and might reinforce the hypothesis that the model depicted on the Vostok Komandirskie dial is indeed the T-34/85. T-34 (film) – Wikipedia

Discussions and Sources

Discussions on which tank is depicted continue on various forums and specialised sites. For instance, Wikipedia and meshok.net offer insights and speculations on the matter. Additionally, enthusiast groups on platforms like VK and forums dedicated to Soviet watches provide further suggestions and theories.

Conclusions

Precisely identifying the tank model depicted on the Vostok Komandirskie Tank watch dial remains a mystery, but the most credible hypotheses are the T-34/85 and the T-62. The stylisation makes a definitive confirmation difficult, but these two hypotheses remain the most probable.

For more details and discussions, I recommend visiting the links to the sources and forums mentioned above, where the enthusiast community continues to share information and opinions on this fascinating historical detail.

Sovietaly: The Journey Behind the Logo and the Birth of a Unique Watch Collection

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logo sovietaly TM sfondo bianco

Sovietaly™ Russian Watches

Welcome to the story of Sovietaly, my collection of Russian and Soviet watches that has taken shape over the years. My passion for watches has deep roots in my life, roots that delve into the tales and stories of the watches my grandfather collected with care and pride. Growing up, those pieces of history always fascinated me, and in 2017, I began to make sense and structure of my expanding personal collection.

The Birth of the Sovietaly Website

In an attempt to organize the information and share my passion for Russian and Soviet watches, I decided to create a website. After exploring various options, I chose Google Sites for its simplicity and familiarity from past use. The result is the site you can visit here: Sovietaly. This space allowed me not only to showcase my collection but also to address an important issue: what to name this unique collection of watches?

The name “Sovietaly” was suggested by a dear collector friend who saw the deep connection between the concept of “Soviet” and Italy. This name became my distinctive brand, also used as a nickname in groups and forums. I decided to protect the brand (™) after legal advice, recognizing the value and protection my collection deserved.

The Creation of the First Logo

The second step was to find a logo that fully represented the essence of Sovietaly. Inspired by iconic symbols like the Raketa Big Zero watch, the hammer and sickle of the Soviet Union, and the colors of the Italian flag, the logo was created with the collaboration of a professional on Fiverr.com.

It should be emphasized that the logo with the hammer and sickle was created solely to evoke the collection of Soviet watches, without any reference to communist ideology or political issues, which do not interest me.

logo sovietaly TM sfondo bianco
Sovietaly (TM) logo

The Evolution of the Logo in 2024: A New Identity

In May 2024, I decided to renew the logo to eliminate any political references and to highlight the connection with Italy even more. The new logo maintains the brand’s recognizability, adding a border with the Italian flag, reflecting a new identity more aligned with reality, given the increasing dissemination on social media.

This is currently the logo of the site and social media channels, representing the identity of Sovietaly and its evolution more accurately.

Logo di Sovietaly
Logo di Sovietaly

A Journey of Passion and Sharing

The journey of Sovietaly has been an exciting path of growth, learning, and sharing. Since then, the Sovietaly logo has become a recognizable and original element, proudly accompanying the collection. Over time, I have also experimented with its presentation, using only the text as a watermark for photos on social media.

Each watch in my collection has a story to tell, a story that I could not wait to share with other enthusiasts. Each piece represents a piece of history, a fragment of time that carries the charm and mystery of past eras.

I hope this story can inspire other watch enthusiasts and collectors. Thank you for being part of this adventure!

Raketa Marine Navy 24h, the mystery unveiled…

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russian watch Raketa 24h Marine
russian watch Raketa 24h Marine
Raketa 24h Marine

The Raketa Marine: A Classic Russian Watch with Hidden Secrets

The Raketa Marine is a beloved classic among Russian watches, known for its subtle intricacies. Produced during both the Soviet and Russian eras, this watch is highly sought after by collectors. Often regarded as a “must-have” for anyone looking to start or complete a watch collection, the Raketa Marine is not only aesthetically pleasing but also boasts several unique functions.

1. The 24-Hour Format

One of the key features of the Raketa Marine is its 24-hour format. Powered by the Raketa calibre 2623.H, a 26mm diameter manual winding movement with antishock protection, this watch stands out in the realm of Russian timepieces. Unlike conventional 12-hour watches, the hour hand of the Raketa Marine completes one full rotation every 24 hours. This results in a distinctive gap between the hour and minute indices, which we’ll explore further. Despite variations across Soviet, Russian, and GOST-branded versions, the Raketa Marine remains clear and easy to read.

Raketa Marine 24h explanation
Raketa Marine 24h
Raketa Marine 24h rotation of the guards
Raketa Marine 24h rotation of the guards

2. Tracking Watch Duty

Another notable feature of the Raketa Marine is its rotating inner ring, adjustable using a crown located at the 8 o’clock position. This ring is designed to help track watch shifts, which in naval terms consist of 4 hours on duty followed by 4 hours off. The cycles are represented on the ring, allowing for easy adjustment to mark the start of a shift. A curious aspect is the color coding: one of the four-hour shifts is marked in red, while the others are in blue. Although this might simply highlight the first shift, the precise nature of Russian design suggests there could be a deeper meaning. There’s also speculation online about dashed lines on the dial representing shower times for sailors, but this remains unconfirmed.

3. Understanding Radio Silence

The most intriguing mystery of the Raketa Marine involves the blue lines on the dial between 6:00-7:00 and 18:00-19:00. These markings, which don’t immediately reveal their purpose, hold a significant function related to maritime operations. By closely examining the watch, it becomes evident that the blue lines align with minute indices rather than hour indices. This observation, coupled with research, points to a well-known naval practice called “radio silence periods.”

raketa marine radio room mistery gif

What is Radio Silence?

Radio silence is a crucial practice wherein radio operators cease transmissions to listen for distress signals. Specifically, this occurs for three minutes every half-hour, at 15-17 and 45-47 minutes past the hour. This period allows operators to pick up any SOS signals from ships in danger, particularly on the 500 kHz frequency. There’s also a separate listening period for MAYDAY messages on a different frequency. For a detailed explanation, you can refer to the page on RADIO SILENCE.

RADIO ROOM WATCHES IN ADDITION TO RAKETA MARINE

On the net, there are many examples and two often used are of famous Soviet clocks and watches:

radio-room-wallclock (netgrafik.ch)
vostok-radio-room (netgrafik.ch)

The 500 kHz frequency

Due to the legibility issues on the watch dial, only the period related to the 500 kHz telegraph transmissions was highlighted. Listening on medium waves at 500 kHz fell out of use in 1999 after about 90 years, replaced by more modern and reliable systems. However, at the time the Raketa Marine was designed, this practice was still in effect.

Further Reading

For those interested, HERE are insights in Italian about the use of this frequency. This explanation should clarify the purpose of the small blue lines on the dial of the Raketa Marine.

Interestingly, many “Radio Room Clocks” also highlight only this band. They likely date from before the introduction of the full system with the four-time bands. Here is a historical example.

Last articles

Simple Guide to Soviet and Russian Watch Movements

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Vostok 2416b Rannft (C)

How to Recognize Soviet and Russian Movements?

One of the key features of Soviet watches is that they contain only Soviet movements. These watches do not feature any external parts; all components were produced within the USSR. The quality of these movements varied depending on the factory, with some periods of excellence and others less so.

Here are some fundamental and curious pieces of information about these movements.

The Codes on Soviet Watch Passports

The codes used to identify Soviet movements were developed and standardized in the 1960s. These codes can be found on the passports that accompanied every watch produced during the Soviet era:

Passaporto sovietico Vostok 2609A
Passaporto sovietico Vostok 2609A
Passaporto sovietico Molnija 3602
Passaporto sovietico Molnija 3602

What Do the Codes Mean?

Deciphering the code is not particularly complicated. The movement code consists of 4 digits and one or two letters. After the fall of the Soviet Union, more codes were added, and the two digits often became three.

  • The first two digits represent the movement’s diameter in millimeters.
  • The next two/three digits represent the specific characteristics of the movement.
  • The following letters represent the variations that occurred over time.

Movements with the same characteristics produced by different companies have the same code, but this does not mean they are identical. Usually, the movement is identified by the manufacturing company followed by the movement code.

A classic example found on many websites includes:

  • Slava 2416
  • Vostok 2416
  • Poljot 2416

All three movements have a diameter of 24mm, and the 16 identifies them as:

  • Automatic
  • Central seconds
  • Date
  • Shockproof

For detailed characteristics of the movements, you can find an exhaustive list here.

Online Resources

There is another valuable online resource often used to identify movements and gain related information: Ranfft Watches.

Other useful resources include:

A good understanding of Russian/Soviet movements can often help quickly identify when a watch has been assembled or is not contemporaneous.

Examples of Movements

Some common Vostok movements include:

  • Vostok 2409
  • Vostok 2414A
  • Vostok 2416b

For more detailed characteristics of these movements, you can refer to the Ranfft database.

Conclusion

The subject is vast and complex with many nuances. This guide aims to provide a brief introduction to help you start understanding the complexity of the Russian/Soviet watchmaking world.

All images of the movements can be found at: Ranfft Watches.

Komandirskie Missile Troops and Artillery: History, Symbols, and Military Identity

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russian watch Vostok Komandirskie Missile Troops

Discovering the Watch

Coming across a Komandirskie missile troops watch might seem ordinary for a seasoned collector, but this model holds far more meaning than meets the eye. I found mine by chance, picking it up for just a few euros from a mixed lot—at first, I was simply drawn to its unusual presence. Despite having seen this dial many times, something about this particular example felt special enough to warrant a closer look. As curiosity got the better of me, I decided to investigate the true story behind this cryptic dial.

russian watch Vostok Komandirskie Missile Troops
Vostok Komandirskie Missile Troops

The Watch: Features and Details

This piece is a classic Russian Vostok Komandirskie featuring the mechanical 2414 movement and a 439xxx case, confirming its authenticity and military intent. Both the crystal and the case are well-worn—signs of a life well lived—but the watch remains fully functional, a testament to the legendary durability of the Vostok 2414 movement, engineered for harsh conditions.

What truly stands out, however, is the mysterious and elegant emblem at six o’clock on the dial.

Dial Symbols: Laurel, Cannons, and Missile

A closer look at the dial of the Komandirskie missile troops model immediately reveals a complex emblem at six o’clock, made up of three main elements:

  • A laurel wreath: A universal symbol of military glory and victory.
  • Two crossed cannons: Representing the artillery tradition and formidable firepower.
  • A vertical missile: Signifying the modern specialisation of these troops and Russia’s advanced missile capability.

This emblematic combination turns the watch into a miniature symbol of military identity, not merely a timepiece.

Researching the Meaning: The Link to Russian Armed Forces

The mystery of the dial was finally solved after extensive research and with the help of a Dutch collector. I tracked down a military patch online that matched the watch’s emblem perfectly. The inscription “ракетные войска и артиллерия” (raketnye voyska i artilleriya) translates to “Missile Troops and Artillery”.

These units form one of the most strategic branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, responsible for everything from strategic defence to battlefield superiority. Every 19th of November, Russia celebrates the “Day of Missile Troops and Artillery”, highlighting the lasting importance of this military branch.

Missile Troops and Artillery: Structure and Roles

Digging deeper, one finds that Russian missile troops and artillery are divided into two main branches:

  • Ground forces: Engaged in conventional conflict, crucial in both offensive and defensive roles.
  • Coastal missile and artillery troops: Responsible for coastal defence and naval operations support, often equipped with anti-ship missiles and heavy artillery.

Their broad range of duties includes:

  • Achieving and maintaining fire superiority on the battlefield.
  • Destroying enemy nuclear delivery systems, personnel, weaponry and equipment.
  • Disrupting command, control, reconnaissance and electronic warfare systems.
  • Attacking and demolishing key defensive and logistical structures.
  • Isolating rear areas and reserves, blunting enemy counterattacks.
  • Halting the advance of enemy tanks and armoured vehicles deep within Russian lines.
  • Flank protection and covering vulnerable junctions.
  • Thwarting airborne and naval assault operations.
  • Conducting remote mining and strategic support operations.
  • Facilitating night-time operations, blinding and disorienting enemy forces with smoke and specialised tactics.
  • Distributing propaganda materials and supporting psychological operations.

Such a range of roles underscores the essential nature of missile troops and artillery in contemporary Russian military doctrine.

Origins and the Commemorative Meaning of the Watch

With the huge variety of Komandirskie missile troops watches available, it can be difficult to distinguish between versions. Many were produced to mark anniversaries, official holidays or as honorary items for members of these units. The particular model described here was likely commissioned for a special celebration, or more generally as a commemorative item for soldiers, officers or military history enthusiasts.

What is certain is that even a “common” Komandirskie can, upon closer examination, reveal a window into military history, Russian culture and the values that drive these armed forces.
– [PHOTO: Wrist shot or close-up of the dial]

Conclusions

The journey of discovery with the Komandirskie missile troops watch shows how even the most unassuming timepiece can reveal tales of symbolism, military structure and strategic doctrine. Analysing the smallest details—from dial emblems to the broader context of commemorative production—shows the true value of these objects: they serve as vessels of identity, memory and pride. For anyone looking to understand the fascinating world of Russian military watches, this is an essential model.d to unexpected in-depth research. Sometimes the only challenge is navigating the numerous military units present in Russia. The watch was probably commissioned for some celebration or simply made like many others to celebrate the armed forces.

Double-headed Eagle: Symbolism and History of an Ancient Icon

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Double-headed Eagle: Symbolism and History of an Ancient Icon

The double-headed eagle is one of the most ancient and fascinating symbols in European and world history. Recognisable by its two heads facing opposite directions, this figure has crossed centuries and cultures, embodying power, unity and universal rule. Today, it still features on coats of arms, flags and official insignia.

Origins of the Double-headed Eagle

The first depictions of the double-headed eagle date back to ancient Mesopotamia, where it symbolised strength and divine protection. It was later adopted by the Hittites and other Anatolian peoples. However, it was in the Byzantine Empire that the double-headed eagle gained its iconic status—representing the union of spiritual and temporal power, and the emperor’s claim to rule both East and West.

The Double-headed Eagle in the Byzantine and Russian Empires

After the fall of Constantinople, the symbol was embraced by Tsarist Russia, becoming the official emblem of the Romanov dynasty and, later, the Russian Empire. The black double-headed eagle on a gold background remains a key feature of the Coat of Arms of Russia, symbolising the historical continuity between Byzantium and Russia.

Raketa two Heads Eagle
Raketa two Heads Eagle

The Symbolism of the Double-Headed Eagle in History and Flags

National Flags

  1. Albania: The Albanian flag features a black double-headed eagle on a red background. This symbol represents the courage, freedom, and heroism of the Albanian people. The double-headed eagle is associated with Skanderbeg, a national hero who fought against the Ottoman Empire.
  2. Serbia: The Serbian flag incorporates a white double-headed eagle, a symbol representing the country’s sovereignty and unity. The eagle is topped with a crown and holds a sceptre and orb, symbols of power and authority.
  3. Montenegro: The Montenegrin flag shows a gold double-headed eagle with a red shield in the centre. The two heads symbolise the union of church and state, while the shield represents the ruling Petrović-Njegoš dynasty.

City Crests

  1. Belgrade, Serbia: The crest of Belgrade features a double-headed eagle symbolising the city’s protection and defence.
  2. Essen, Germany: The symbol of the double-headed eagle appears in Essen’s crest, representing the city’s historical importance and influence.
  3. Velletri, Italy: Velletri also uses the double-headed eagle in its crest, symbolising its ancient origin and historical continuity.
  4. Rijeka, Croatia: An interesting exception is the city of Rijeka, whose crest features a double-headed eagle with both heads facing to the right, rather than in opposite directions like most other examples.

The Double-Headed Eagle in the Russian Emblem

The double-headed eagle of Russia has a complex and fascinating history. Currently, the official Russian emblem features a gold double-headed eagle on a red background, with the emblem of Moscow (depicting Saint George) superimposed. Over time, the eagle’s colour has changed from gold to black and back again, and the crowns have appeared, disappeared, and reappeared. Today, the two heads of the eagle are surmounted by a single crown with a further crown above it, symbolising unity.

The Objects in the Eagle’s Claws

The Russian double-headed eagle holds two symbols of power in its claws:

  1. Sceptre: In the left claw, the eagle holds a sceptre, representing authority and sovereign power. The sceptre is an ancient regal symbol used by monarchs to indicate their supreme authority.
  2. Orb: In the right claw, the eagle holds an orb, symbolising the universal dominion of Christianity and the divine authority of the sovereign. The orb is topped with a cross, representing God’s sovereignty over the Earth.
Raketa Renaissance

Analysis of the Shields on the Double-Headed Eagle

The images of Russian Zim watches show various designs featuring the double-headed eagle and several symbolic elements. One of the watches displays an eagle with 8 shields on its wings, representing territories of the Russian Empire. Here is a detailed analysis of each shield on the eagle’s wings:

Right Wing (from top to bottom):

  1. Kazan: Represents the Khanate of Kazan, an important Tatar kingdom annexed by Russia in the 16th century. Kazan’s symbol is the dragon Zilant, representing strength and protection.
  2. Poland: Symbolises the Kingdom of Poland, which became part of the Russian Empire after the partitions of Poland in the 18th century. The Polish emblem is the white eagle, a symbol of freedom and sovereignty.
  3. Chersonesus Taurica: Represents the historical region of Crimea, annexed to the Russian Empire in the 18th century. The Crimean shield includes the griffin, a symbol of vigilance and power.
  4. Kiev, Vladimir, and Novgorod: These three shields are combined into one, representing the ancient Russian cities central to the formation of medieval Russia. Kiev is represented by Saint Michael the Archangel, Vladimir by the rampant lion, and Novgorod by Rurik’s trident.

Left Wing (from top to bottom):

  1. Astrakhan: Represents the Khanate of Astrakhan, annexed to Russia in the 16th century. Astrakhan’s symbol is a crown with a sword, representing protection and royalty.
  2. Siberia: Symbolises the vast region of Siberia, explored and colonised by Russia starting in the 16th century. The Siberian shield includes two sables, representing the wealth of natural resources.
  3. Georgia: Represents the Kingdom of Georgia, which became part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century. The Georgian symbol is Saint George slaying the dragon, a symbol of protection and courage.
  4. Finland: Symbolises the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous territory within the Russian Empire from 1809 to 1917. The Finnish emblem shows a lion with a sword, representing strength and sovereignty.

In the centre of the eagle should be the shield of Moscow, surrounded by the Collar of the Order of Saint Andrew. However, this element is likely absent from the watch dial due to the presence of the hands’ pivots.

russian watch Zim two headed eagle
Zim two headed eagle

Conclusion

Russian watches, like the Zim models from the 1990s, are a classic example of symbolism and propaganda. They provide an opportunity to explore a range of fascinating historical and symbolic topics. The symbolism of the double-headed eagle, present on many flags and crests, represents a deep connection with the history and culture of many nations. Russian and Soviet horology continues to offer interesting insights, and these watches are a perfect example.

Pobeda Pocket watch - dial
Pobeda Pocket watch – dial

Discovering the Charm of Soviet and Russian Watch Collections

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Ritaglio schermata pagina Lancette Sovietiche Collezionare Sovietaly intervista

It may seem unusual, but sometimes a collection of Soviet/Russian watches can capture the attention and appreciation of even those who are not experts in the field. This intriguing niche of collecting has recently been highlighted in an interview published by the magazine “Collezionare,” available in both print and digital formats (www.collezionare.com).

The Magazine “Collezionare”

The magazine “Collezionare” is a specialized publication focused on the world of collecting, offering in-depth articles, news, and interviews on a wide range of collectible items. From vintage to antiques and modern collectibles, the magazine serves as an authoritative and up-to-date resource for enthusiasts. Available in both print and online versions, “Collezionare” stands out for the quality of its content and the passion with which it tells the stories of collectors and their unique collections.

Two years ago, I contacted several journals related to collecting to promote my father’s Pirelli advertisement collection, including “Collezionare”. The interview with my father can be found at this link. Given the existing contact, a couple of months ago I reached out again to the journalist who conducted the interview, suggesting she might also be interested in my collection of Soviet/Russian watches. A few days later, she contacted me to schedule a phone interview.

Ritaglio schermata pagina Lancette Sovietiche Collezionare Sovietaly intervista
Lancette Sovietiche collezionare online

On April 14, 2018, the online version of the interview was published and can be read at this link.

Soviet Watches

In the interview, Andrea Manini, a 44-year-old from Milan who has been collecting since 1992, shares insights into his collection of over 400 Russian watches. “What I really enjoy is that, unlike Swiss watches, Russian ones always have a story to tell.”

The Stories Behind Soviet Watches

Many stories surround Soviet watchmaking, particularly those involving Yuri Gagarin, the first man in space. The watch he wore during the 1961 mission is still a mystery. Some claim it was a Poljot Sturmanskie, produced by the First Moscow Watch Factory, often referred to as the Russian equivalent of the Speedmaster used by Armstrong and Aldrin on the moon. Others believe it was the Type One by Sturmanskie, citing a photo where Gagarin wears this model over his red suit. “But who can say for sure? Maybe it was just a training shot,” says Andrea, emphasizing the mystery that often surrounds these famous timepieces.

The Influence of History on Soviet Watchmaking

The end of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s marked the beginning of a new era for Russian watchmaking in Italy. Andrea, like many other enthusiasts, started his collection in 1992, the year after the USSR’s dissolution. “1992 is my year zero, the year I began to appreciate these beautiful watches. That year, the first after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, all the unique goods from the former USSR became very sought after, including Russian watches, which started appearing in our jewelry stores. Over the years, I have expanded my collection to about 400 pieces.”

Early Discoveries

Andrea’s first purchase was a Vostok Komandirskie wristwatch. “The military look and the rocket on the dial attracted me, and only later did I discover that it was a Vostok Komandirskie model, with the Vostok 1 rocket that Gagarin used to orbit the Earth in 1961.”

Collection Categories

Russian watches are categorized in various ways. Andrea focuses on Russian space adventures and Soviet watches made for the Italian market. Other themes include Soviet polar explorations and Russian railways, particularly the BAM line.

The History of Russian Watchmaking

Russian watchmaking has a complex history intertwined with the country’s social, political, and military developments. During the Tsarist era, watches were mainly produced by artisanal workshops. With the advent of the Soviet Union, watch production became essential for both civilians and the military. Initially, pocket watches were produced, but gradually, wristwatches became the focus.

Watch Factories

Numerous companies arose in the Soviet Union, named after war or space adventures. “The First Moscow Watch Factory, later named Poljot (which means flight), Raketa (rocket), Pobeda (victory, dedicated to WWII), and Chaika (seagull, which was Valentina Tereshkova’s code name during her space flight).”

Export and Marketing

In the 1960s and 70s, Soviet watches were exported at low prices to promote sales. This was a state-imposed strategy. In Italy, Russian watchmaking has often been underrated due to its proximity to Switzerland. However, the Russians understood the importance of marketing and created watches with logos for export or specific models for certain markets.

Rare Models

Among the rarest models in Andrea’s collection is a Raketa Big Zero with a nephrite dial, a green stone similar to jade. Finding rare models is challenging, especially online where many fakes and assembled pieces are sold.

Tips for Collectors

To avoid buying fakes, Andrea advises consulting more experienced and reliable collectors. “Today, there are many forums and groups where you can exchange opinions and advice.”

This collection of Soviet/Russian watches, with its rich history and intriguing models, continues to captivate not only enthusiasts but also newcomers to the world of collecting.